New Criticals


From the beginning of the industrial revolution that saw the introduction of machinery and factories into the means of production, capitalism embraced wholeheartedly principles of networking and distribution. To maximize labor-power, and exploit the dormant (social) value of labor, the capitalist brought together man with man in one restricted space to work together. This is the first step in establishing an industrial network, generally followed by a complex system of supply chains for raw materials and import/export networks for reaching markets. Collective work was distributed among bodies and machines in a proto-network that emphasized communication and coordination. The worker need not worry about the quality of an individual commodity and can focus with intellectual energy and communication on perfecting the machine that makes many commodities.